DAVIDYEK
  • Home
  • About
    • Professional Registration
    • Qualifications
    • Engagements
    • Private Practice
    • SIF Fellows
  • Practice
    • Our Approach >
      • S:Scale [Artefacts]
      • M:Scale [Building]
      • L:Scale [Urban]
    • Large Projects >
      • Highrises >
        • SSM International School
        • JBio
        • UKIH
        • Vertigo Residency
        • Diorama
        • Resi-Hub
        • SunMed
        • Medini
        • Palmspring Damansara
        • Blink
      • Lowrises >
        • Data Center
        • Garden Homes
        • XIN
        • Albient
        • Hillcourt
    • Small Projects >
      • Rustic Raphsody
      • MCM >
        • Estate House
        • Uniform Annex
        • Kitchen Extension
        • Sixth Form Center
      • Putrajaya Boulevard >
        • LOO
        • BOO
        • DOO
        • 5 Elements Tower
      • Detached Houses >
        • Batu Residence
        • Malaqa Residence
        • ParkCity Residence
        • Sierramas Residence
      • Commercial >
        • Albion Club
        • QuanYuan
        • Nippon Go
    • Interior Designs >
      • Spartan Minimalism
      • Neo Retro
      • Reflective Modern
    • UBBL 1984
    • Newsletter
  • DYA + C
    • Our CV
    • Adjudication >
      • CIPAA Procedure >
        • Scope of CIPAA
    • Arbitration >
      • Appointment of Arbitrator >
        • Terms of Appointment >
          • Preliminary Meeting Agenda
      • PAM Arbitration Procedure
      • Arbitration Costs Breakdowns >
        • Drawdown
      • Award Writing Blog >
        • Expert Evidence in Arbitration
    • Mediation >
      • Appointment of Mediator
      • Mediation Process
      • Skill Set Lev 01 & 02
    • Expert Determination >
      • Expert Rules - PAM
      • Expert Determination Processes
    • Building Inspection Services
    • Courses & Training >
      • Contract Administration
    • ADR & Construction Law
  • Consultant
    • QuanYuan 泉緣 Story
    • Review
    • QuanYuan >
      • Why QuanYuan?
      • Modus Operandi
      • Consultancy Services
    • Our Lineage
    • Workshop >
      • Teacher's Profiles
      • Message
      • SanYuan 01 - Introduction
      • Community
      • Registration of Interest
    • QiMen DunJia 奇門遁甲 >
      • QMDJ - Shifting Palace
    • Audit & Cases >
      • Cases - REA Hotel
      • Cases - Childless Couple
      • Cases - Childless Couple 02
    • Yifengshui
    • Newsletter >
      • MBS FengShui Reinvestigated
    • FAQ
    • E-Store
  • Educator
    • Author I am...
    • Speaking Engagement >
      • International Contract
      • PAM cpd UNLIMITED 2.0
      • Arch Edu Practice Paper - 3Ds Pedagogy
    • Attempting Law School
    • Journey in USM(Arch) >
      • Thesis >
        • Site Analysis
        • Urban Design Approach
        • Sketch Design
        • Model Based Paradigm
        • Technical Studies
      • Studio 01
      • Studio 02
    • Discourse in Studio 6 >
      • Ideation
      • The Production Model >
        • The Actors
        • The Stage
        • Urban Mass
        • The Box
        • The Play
        • The Break
        • The Newsletter
        • The Document
        • The Presentation
    • d:KON 4 >
      • Actors >
        • Chua LiCheng
        • Ng KenHong
        • Sean Tan
        • Peggy Chai
        • Elliotte Teoh
        • Vincent Tow
        • TzeLer
        • Elaine
        • Ng SongChun
        • Carissa Foong
        • Ng WeiMun
        • Ng ChenYin
        • Nicol Ong
        • Adron Liang
        • Ivan Sung
        • Lau HuiJew
      • Acts >
        • Portraiture
        • A Slice of Space Time
        • Box of Installation of Lights
        • Radio Misreading
        • Grid of Destinies
        • Shelter
        • Anatomy of Pain
        • Tensigrity of Ego
        • Of Prisons and Walls
        • Forest of Nails
        • Curtain of Fears
        • Dissolution of the Ego
        • If it's Ain't Broken it's Ain't Worth Mending
        • Flight of Freedom
        • Cross of Complexity and Contradiction
        • interrogation
      • Stage >
        • Soap Box
      • Play
      • Approach
      • Galleria >
        • Martial Gallery
        • Drive Through Gallery
        • Clinique Gallery
        • Cafe Gallery
        • MACC Gallery
        • Haunted Gallery
        • Backpacker Hotel
        • Audio Bookshop Gallery
        • Funeral Parlour
        • Extreme Game Gallery
        • Play Ground
        • Wedding Gallery
        • Meditation Gallery
        • Water Tower
        • Photography Studio
        • Chapel Gallery
    • External Critique >
      • Discourse in Sem 06
      • Discourse in Sem 05 >
        • The Site - KB
        • The Rectilinear
        • The Paired Kidneys
        • The Boat
        • The Decepticon
        • The Curvature
      • EnviroDesign MasterClass 2015
    • Philosophy
    • Codes Regulations & Standards >
      • Building Codes
      • Fire Codes
      • QAQC & Building Inspection
      • Critics
  • Photo Essays
    • Shanghai
    • Siemreap
  • Contact

ARCHITECT HAS NO DUTY OF CARE TO THE CONTRACTOR – THE MALAYSIAN APPROACH

12/28/2020

1 Comment

 
Picture

​ARCHITECT HAS NO DUTY OF CARE TO THE CONTRACTOR – THE MALAYSIAN APPROACH

When parties to a dispute, received its decision, be it arbitration or adjudication, the losing party may be disgruntled and look for every avenue to recoup its losses; one possible mean is to find fault with the consultant, mainly the architect; for negligence as an impartial-certifier. The case whether a Main-Contractor can sue the Architect for being negligent is addressed by the Appeal Court, in PCP Construction Sdn Bhd (“PCP”) v L3 Architects Sdn Bhd (“L3”)[1] where the judgement of the HC was unanimously upheld, dismissing PCP’s claim.
 
Against the context that L3 has no-contractual relationship with PCP, the ‘classical-textbook’ test in tort for negligence is taken, i.e. whether L3 has a duty of care towards PCP; whether the L3 has breached the said duty of care; and whether the breach by L3 has caused the PCP to suffer losses. For such, the Session-Court held that there was indeed a duty of care vested on L3; and an appeal was follow through in the HC; on two grounds, one, there is no duty of care vested on L3 and two, there is no actual-loss incurred.
 
The English position was clearly dealt with in Sutcliffe v Thackrah[2], that the Architect enjoys no-immunity.[3] In Arenson v. Casson Beckman Rutley[4], it was held that “there was no reason of public policy to treat the respondent valuers’ task […] to the general rule of liability for negligence whereby immunity is granted to judges and arbitrators.”  
 
In Pacific Associates v Baxter[5], it was held in contrast to Arenson; where courts should be slow to superimpose an added duty of care upon a party when the relevant rights came under a contractual framework that provided for the same; persuasively abided by Malaysia’s court[6]; that scrutinises the meaning of ‘proximity’, based on the facts and circumstances of each case, “as such, the concepts of voluntary assumption of responsibility and reliance are seen as important factors to be established for purposes of fulfilling the proximity requirement […]might lead to an indeterminate liability being imposed on a particular class of defendants, thus leading to policy issues.” [7]
 
HC in PCP v L3, took the view that Thackrah and Pacific were of different contexts, i.e. architect sued by the employer, and should not be persuaded to follow; and held that L3 are not liable for claims for ‘pure economic loss’ in negligence when PAM-Contract has defined rights and liabilities of each party; and notwithstanding the findings of Saga Fire Engineering v Lee Yee Seng[8], where the consultants owed a duty of care to the contractor and were liable for the losses suffered; the Appeal-Court decided to agree with HC’s judgment.
 
Arising from this judgement, it appears that when it is said that the PAM-Contract has defined rights and liabilities of each party, especially with regard to the Architect as impartial certifier and an agent to the employer, wouldn’t that automatically implied that the Architect has a duty of care in tort to the Contractor? Nope? Then, this is good-news, as Architect can thus, do what they wish!
 
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!  

-----------------------------------------------------------------

[1] L3 Architects Sdn Bhd v PCP Construction Sdn Bhd [2019] 1 LNS 1321  
[2] [1974]AC727
[3] http://www.davidyek.com/adr/is-there-such-immunity-as-a-certifier-for-the-architect
[4] [1977]AC405 
[5] [1989] 2 All ER 159 
[6] Credit Guarantee Corp Malaysia Bhd v SSN Medical Products Sdn Bhd [2017] 2 MLJ 629; Bodibasixs Manufacturing Sdn Bhd v Entogenex Industries Sdn Bhd [2018] 9 MLJ 417  
[7] Lok Kok Beng v Loh Chiak Eong [2015] 7 CLJ 1008 
[8] Shah Alam High Court Civil Suit No. BA-22C-10-02/2017  
1 Comment

    DYA+C

    Author

    DYA+C is set up by Ar. DAVID YEK TAK WAI to undertake resolution of commercial disputes through ARBITRATION and ADJUDICATION, specializing in CONSTRUCTION PAYMENT DISPUTES.

    This is an educational blog. We do not guarantee, confirm nor warrant the accuracy of the information and facts stated therein. Read at your own 'risk'.

    Archives

    December 2022
    November 2021
    October 2021
    September 2021
    May 2021
    April 2021
    March 2021
    January 2021
    December 2020
    November 2020
    October 2020
    September 2020
    June 2020
    May 2020
    April 2020
    October 2019
    September 2019
    August 2019
    April 2019
    December 2018

    Categories

    All
    AALCO
    Acific Associates V Baxter [1989]2AllER159
    ACP
    Act Of Criminal
    Ad Hoc Mediation
    Adjudication
    AIAC
    AIAC Form
    Arbitration
    Arbitration Conference 2018
    Arenson V Casson Beckman Rutley [1977]AC405
    Art 121 Federal Constitution
    Art7(ad)PAM2006
    Art.7 PAM 2006
    Bellefield Computer Services V E. Turner & Sons Ltd (No. 2) [2002]
    Bettini V Gye (1876)
    Bias
    Bills Of Quantities BQ
    Blakemores LDP (in Administration) V Scott And Others [2015]
    Board Of Architect Malaysia LAM
    Cadenvish Case UK
    Canary Wharf V. EMA [2019]
    Caparo Industries V Dickman [1990]
    Carillion Collapsed
    CCC
    Certifier
    CFO
    Chambers V Goldthorpe [1901]
    Chitty On Contracts
    CIArb
    CIDB
    CIDB Form
    CIMB Bank Bhd V Anthony Lawrence Bourke & Anor [2019]
    CIPAA
    Clause 1.4
    Clause 18
    Clause 2.0
    Clause 21.4
    Clause 23.10
    Clause 23.1(a)
    Clause 23.5(b)
    Clause 23.8(a)
    Clause 23.8(w)
    Clause 24.1(b)
    Clause 24.3(c)
    Clause 24.3(n)
    Clause 2.(a)
    Clause 3.1
    Clause 4.1
    Clause 4.3
    Clause 7.1
    Confidentiality
    Construction Law
    Contract Administration
    CPC
    Cubic Electronic Vs Mars Telecommunications
    Defect Liability
    Delay
    Disclosure
    Discrepancy Dwgs-Bills
    Dispute Clause
    Drawings
    Dysfunctional Arbitration Agreement
    EOT
    Evaluative Mediation
    Ezumi
    FIDIC Form
    Final Costs
    Fong Wan Reality V PJ Condominium S/B [2010]
    Force Majeure
    Fraudulent Misrepresentation
    Frustration
    Goh Teng Whoo & Anor V Ample Objectives
    Good-Faith
    Guan Aik Moh (KL) Sdn Bhd & Anor V Selangor Properties Bhd [2007]
    Hadley V Baxendale [1854]
    Halliburton V Chubb [2020]
    Haward And Others V Fawcetts (a Firm) [2006]
    HDA
    HGCRA
    Hong Kong Fir Shipping V Kawasaki Kisen [1962]
    IEM Form
    Immunity
    Impartiality
    Incorporation Of Societies
    Independence And Impartiality
    Infectious Diseases Act 1988
    Initial Costs
    Intan Payong Sdn Bhd V. Goh Saw Chan Sdn Bhd [2004]
    JKR Form
    KKM
    KLRCA
    Krell V Henry [1903]
    Li Ching Wing V Xuan Yi Xiong [2004]
    Limitation Act 1953
    Limitation (Amendment) Act 2018
    Liquidated Damages
    Lok Kok Beng V Loh Chiak Eong [2015] 7 CLJ 1008
    Long-Stop
    Loss & Expense
    Low & Associates) V Persatuan Kanak Kanak Spastik Selangor & Wilayah Persekutuan And Another Case [2021] MLJU 430
    Low & Associates) V Persatuan Kanak-Kanak Spastik Selangor & Wilayah Persekutuan And Another Case [2021] MLJU 430
    Masenang Sdn Bhd V Sabanilam Enterprise Sdn Bhd
    MBank (M) Bhd V Abdul Aziz Hassan & Ors [2010]
    MCO
    Mears V Costplan [2019] EWCA Civ 502
    MITI
    Mitigation
    MKN
    NEC Form
    Pacific Forest Industries Sdn Bhd V Lin Wen-Chih [2009]
    PAM
    PAM Advisory
    PAM Form
    PAM Mediation
    PAM-Mediation
    Party Autonomy
    Pathological Defects
    PCP V L3 [2019]1LNS1321
    Police Act 1967
    Postal Rule
    PPE
    Preliminaries
    Prolongation Costs
    Public Policy
    PWD Form
    Qimonda V Sediabena (2012)
    Recurrent Costs
    Renegotiation
    Retention-Money
    RIBA Form
    S.14 Malaysian Arbitration Act 2005
    S.15 – 16 Civil Law Act 1956 CLA
    S.22 Arbitration Act 2005
    S.57(2) CA 1950
    S.70(21)SBDA1974
    Saga Fire Engineering V Lee Yee Seng [2017]
    SBDA 1974
    Schedule Of Rates
    Seat
    Selvakumar Vs Thiagarajah
    Serving Of Notice
    Sharikat Ying Mui Sdn Bhd V Hoh Kiang Po [2015]
    SK M&E Bersekutu V Pembinaan Legenda Unggul (2019)
    Skyworld Development Sdn Bhd V. Zalam Corporation Sdn Bhd & Other Cases. [2019]
    Societies Act 1966
    SOPL
    Standard Form Of Building Contract
    Statute Of Limitation
    Sutcliffe V Thackrah [1974]
    Temporary Measures For Reducing The Impact Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19)
    Temporary Measures For Reducing The Impact Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    The Ara Joint Management Body V Mammoth Land & Development Sdn Bhd [2017]
    Trust Law
    UBBL 1984
    UK's Limitation Act 1980
    Ultra Vires
    VP
    Warranty
    Working Days

    RSS Feed

Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.
  • Home
  • About
    • Professional Registration
    • Qualifications
    • Engagements
    • Private Practice
    • SIF Fellows
  • Practice
    • Our Approach >
      • S:Scale [Artefacts]
      • M:Scale [Building]
      • L:Scale [Urban]
    • Large Projects >
      • Highrises >
        • SSM International School
        • JBio
        • UKIH
        • Vertigo Residency
        • Diorama
        • Resi-Hub
        • SunMed
        • Medini
        • Palmspring Damansara
        • Blink
      • Lowrises >
        • Data Center
        • Garden Homes
        • XIN
        • Albient
        • Hillcourt
    • Small Projects >
      • Rustic Raphsody
      • MCM >
        • Estate House
        • Uniform Annex
        • Kitchen Extension
        • Sixth Form Center
      • Putrajaya Boulevard >
        • LOO
        • BOO
        • DOO
        • 5 Elements Tower
      • Detached Houses >
        • Batu Residence
        • Malaqa Residence
        • ParkCity Residence
        • Sierramas Residence
      • Commercial >
        • Albion Club
        • QuanYuan
        • Nippon Go
    • Interior Designs >
      • Spartan Minimalism
      • Neo Retro
      • Reflective Modern
    • UBBL 1984
    • Newsletter
  • DYA + C
    • Our CV
    • Adjudication >
      • CIPAA Procedure >
        • Scope of CIPAA
    • Arbitration >
      • Appointment of Arbitrator >
        • Terms of Appointment >
          • Preliminary Meeting Agenda
      • PAM Arbitration Procedure
      • Arbitration Costs Breakdowns >
        • Drawdown
      • Award Writing Blog >
        • Expert Evidence in Arbitration
    • Mediation >
      • Appointment of Mediator
      • Mediation Process
      • Skill Set Lev 01 & 02
    • Expert Determination >
      • Expert Rules - PAM
      • Expert Determination Processes
    • Building Inspection Services
    • Courses & Training >
      • Contract Administration
    • ADR & Construction Law
  • Consultant
    • QuanYuan 泉緣 Story
    • Review
    • QuanYuan >
      • Why QuanYuan?
      • Modus Operandi
      • Consultancy Services
    • Our Lineage
    • Workshop >
      • Teacher's Profiles
      • Message
      • SanYuan 01 - Introduction
      • Community
      • Registration of Interest
    • QiMen DunJia 奇門遁甲 >
      • QMDJ - Shifting Palace
    • Audit & Cases >
      • Cases - REA Hotel
      • Cases - Childless Couple
      • Cases - Childless Couple 02
    • Yifengshui
    • Newsletter >
      • MBS FengShui Reinvestigated
    • FAQ
    • E-Store
  • Educator
    • Author I am...
    • Speaking Engagement >
      • International Contract
      • PAM cpd UNLIMITED 2.0
      • Arch Edu Practice Paper - 3Ds Pedagogy
    • Attempting Law School
    • Journey in USM(Arch) >
      • Thesis >
        • Site Analysis
        • Urban Design Approach
        • Sketch Design
        • Model Based Paradigm
        • Technical Studies
      • Studio 01
      • Studio 02
    • Discourse in Studio 6 >
      • Ideation
      • The Production Model >
        • The Actors
        • The Stage
        • Urban Mass
        • The Box
        • The Play
        • The Break
        • The Newsletter
        • The Document
        • The Presentation
    • d:KON 4 >
      • Actors >
        • Chua LiCheng
        • Ng KenHong
        • Sean Tan
        • Peggy Chai
        • Elliotte Teoh
        • Vincent Tow
        • TzeLer
        • Elaine
        • Ng SongChun
        • Carissa Foong
        • Ng WeiMun
        • Ng ChenYin
        • Nicol Ong
        • Adron Liang
        • Ivan Sung
        • Lau HuiJew
      • Acts >
        • Portraiture
        • A Slice of Space Time
        • Box of Installation of Lights
        • Radio Misreading
        • Grid of Destinies
        • Shelter
        • Anatomy of Pain
        • Tensigrity of Ego
        • Of Prisons and Walls
        • Forest of Nails
        • Curtain of Fears
        • Dissolution of the Ego
        • If it's Ain't Broken it's Ain't Worth Mending
        • Flight of Freedom
        • Cross of Complexity and Contradiction
        • interrogation
      • Stage >
        • Soap Box
      • Play
      • Approach
      • Galleria >
        • Martial Gallery
        • Drive Through Gallery
        • Clinique Gallery
        • Cafe Gallery
        • MACC Gallery
        • Haunted Gallery
        • Backpacker Hotel
        • Audio Bookshop Gallery
        • Funeral Parlour
        • Extreme Game Gallery
        • Play Ground
        • Wedding Gallery
        • Meditation Gallery
        • Water Tower
        • Photography Studio
        • Chapel Gallery
    • External Critique >
      • Discourse in Sem 06
      • Discourse in Sem 05 >
        • The Site - KB
        • The Rectilinear
        • The Paired Kidneys
        • The Boat
        • The Decepticon
        • The Curvature
      • EnviroDesign MasterClass 2015
    • Philosophy
    • Codes Regulations & Standards >
      • Building Codes
      • Fire Codes
      • QAQC & Building Inspection
      • Critics
  • Photo Essays
    • Shanghai
    • Siemreap
  • Contact